To describe or express when and where an action is performed or taking place, adverbs of time and placed is used. It provides complete meaning and sense for sentence. Also, helps to get better insight of situation being described.
Adverbs of time such as today, yesterday, early, already etc. are used to describe time of performed action in sentence. Up, Down, Far, Near Away, Within, Without, In, Out, etc. words are used to describe adverbs of place. Let’s get better insight of adverbs of time and place.
Adverb of time: role, usages, examples
“Adverbs of time” is used to describe or express a specific time in which action is happened. Simply, time’s adverbs indicate time of action in the sentence. It answers when the action is taking place. Here are useful examples of adverbs of time:
Today, Tomorrow, Yesterday,
Now, Late, Later, Soon, Early
Yet, Still, Already
Ago, Daily, For, Since, etc.
Position of adverbs of time
At the beginning, In the middle, and In the end: Usually, in case of more than one adverbs, adverbs of time are placed at the end of the sentence. However, these adverbs can be placed even at the beginning but not always.
We haven’t seen that tiger again
You are too late now
He has planned to watch live telecast of World Cup final tomorrow.
In these examples, comma isn’t necessary. Comma is essential whenever the adverbs of time is used at the beginning, to separate rest of the sentence.
Today, she will finish her job.
Tomorrow, I will be ready.
Here, comma is placed to separate adverbs of time from rest of the sentence.
Some exceptions for position in sentence
Sometimes, there are some adverbs of time which are neither placed at the beginning nor at the end but in the middle of the sentence. Usages of some adverbs in the middle:
Later, Yet, Still
For, Since, etc.
We will discuss it later — at the end.
Later, I will explain you in detail — at the beginning.
Teacher later instructed to the students — in the middle.
“Yet” adverb of time is used in the perfect present tense for negative expression.
G-8 members haven’t reached at the final conclusion yet – at the end.
We have yet to receive the order- in the middle.
Apart from this, “still” is used for things in continuation or continuously happening.
Whereas, “since” and for are used to express duration of time.
I am still practicing my handwriting.
Here, the process is still continue.
“Still” is also used to express contrasts between two incidents in the form of adversative conjunction.
They have been waiting for two hours.
“For” describes the duration of action.
He has been learning since last month.
“Since” indicates the point of time of action.
Adverbs of place: role, usages, and examples
Such Adverbs of place describe the specific aspects of place or location in which action is performed or happened. Unlike the adverbs of time, adverbs of place is used to modify or qualify action verbs. They answers where the action is taking place.
First of all, take a look at the following examples of adverbs of place.
Above, Below,
Up, Down,
Far, Near Away,
Within, Without,
In, Out,
Here There, Anywhere, Across,
East, West, North, South,(directions) Everywhere, Nowhere, etc.
These are some important adverbs we use in our day-to-day operations.
Usages of adverbs of place: position, direction, and distance of an action happening.
Direction of action
These adverbs are used to describe the position, directions, and distance of the action, performed in the given sentence.
Currently, cyclone is moving northward. He is walking in the garden. River flows across the floodplain.
Position of adverbs of place
We can use variety of forms of adverbs of place like – words, phrases, and adverbial clauses.
Adverbs of place have different rules for position in the given sentence.
Generally, these adverbs are used before the adverbs of time when both are used in the same sentence.
In case of direct object, it is placed immediately after the object, otherwise, without object, placed after the main verbs.
He is swimming across the river.
I can drive my car in the central zone.
In the first example, “across the river” is an adverbial phrase used to describe the location of swimming. It immediately follows the verb because of there is no object.
However, in the second example, adverbial phrase is following the direct object of the sentence.
What does adverbial phrase mean?
So far, we have learnt earlier that adverbial prepositional phrase can be used as adverbial complement. Here as well, adverbial complements are termed as adverbial phrase and functions like adverbs of time.
Examples – in the ground, across the grassland, out of the stadium, etc.
Like adverbs of time, adverbs of place are also used at the beginning of the sentence with comma.
In the Himalayan region, the incidents of cloudburst are increasing since a decade.
In this district, government is planning to build first expressway.
Examples of adverbs of place showing directions or movements
East, west, north ,south (directions)
Up down, forward, downward, directions + wards (movements)
Clearly, there is no fixed boundary to restrict the ambit of the use of adverbs of place. Nevertheless, with constant practice, the mastery can be achieved.
In this ways, adverbs of time and place provide meaning and complete sense for sentence and expression.
https://www.vedantu.com/english/adverb-of-time
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/adverbs-and-adverb-phrases-position